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A grand design spiral galaxy is a galaxy with a clearly defined, continuous spiral structure, rather than a patchy or inconsistent spiral structure. Around ten percent of spiral galaxies are grand design spirals. The spiral arms of a galaxy stand out because most star formation occurs there, making them home to an abundance of bright, hot, massive stars with short lifespans. In other parts of the galaxy with less star formation, most of these bright stars have already died out.

Image
The Whirlpool Galaxy and smaller galaxy companion NGC 5195, as imaged by the Hubble Space Telescope.
The Whirlpool Galaxy, shown in this image from the Hubble Space Telescope, is an example of a grand design spiral galaxy.